As other physical parts of the body are used as
a biometric system, like that ear is also use for biometric system due to its uniqueness & measure ability.
Every individual have different structure of their ear’s & due to this the ear used now a days is to biometric system. It has a special characteristic & advantages over other biometric system.
Before we see the techniques, we have to understand the structure of human ear.
In addition to realize & ear lobe, ear also has other prominent future such as anti helices which runs parallel to the helices & another one is antitragi notch which is hair pin-bend shape just above the lope.
The central part or concha is named for it’s shell like appearance.
The ear structure is rich, changes little with age & it not get affected by any facial expression. It is fixed on rich of head so that it has special background.
Ear is large compare to iris, retina, fingerprint & there for it is more easy to capture at distance. Its appearance is not altered by make-up. spectacles or any other substances.
Hence it can not duplicated by any other people.
1.Burge & Burger were first who investigate the human ear as a biometric. They studied in term of uniqueness & measurability of the ear over time & practice with implementation of complete vision based.
Each subjects ear was modeled as adjacency graph, brief from diagram of its extracted curve Segment.
Each subjects ear was modeled as adjacency graph, brief from diagram of its extracted curve Segment.
During this process their may be erroneous Curve segment in images of ear due to the changes such as Lighting, shadowing etc.
Here they devised a novel graph matching algorithm for authentication.
They found that feature are Robust / strong & cab Be reliably extracted by a distance.
Here they devised a novel graph matching algorithm for authentication.
They found that feature are Robust / strong & cab Be reliably extracted by a distance.
Acoustic Ear Recognition :
2. Akkermence Has recognized acoustic properties of ear for recognition. He studied that due to virtue of its special shape. ear behaves like a filter so that a sound signal played into the
ear is returned in a modified form.
This acoustic transfer function forms the basis of acoustic ear signature. By using special microphone, these reflected sound waves can be analyzed. it may give advantage.
Application :
1.Uniqueness
2.Permana
3.Measureability
4.Universality
5. Performance
- does not affected by background compare to face
- Do not affected by make-up & other sub(spectacles)
- Due to its large structure, it can capture At distance
-Measurability.
-Hence not easy to forge.
Conclusion :
The ear as a biometric is no longer is its infancy & it has shown encouraging progress. Its structure is well suited for biometric, & it appears to have less variance with age than other biometric.
It is also most unusual, even unique is that it supports not only visual recognition but also acoustic recognition, at the same time.
It will make it very difficult to take. thus ensuring a sign degree of protection against impersonation
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